9:1 I say the truth in Christ, I lie not, my conscience also bearing me witness in the Holy Ghost,      qtext

9:2 That I have great heaviness and continual sorrow in my heart.

9:3 For I could wish that [G: would wish; BT: have wished] myself were accursed [G: to be separate; BT: to be cursed] from Christ for my brethren, my kinsmen according [BT: as pertaining] to the flesh:

9:4 Who are [GBT: +the] Israelites; to whom pertaineth the adoption, and the glory, and the covenants, and the giving of the law [BT: law that was given], and the service of God, and the promises;      qtext

9:5 Whose [GB: Of whom] are the fathers, and of whom as concerning the flesh Christ came, who is over all, God [G: God over all; BT: God in (T: over) all things] blessed [B: to be praised] for ever. Amen.      qtext

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(Rom 9) IP3: 100; IPL 2

(Rom 9:1) GF5: 108; MFU 171; JN2: 60; IP1: 400; RBA 460; RBAF 418

(Rom 9:3) IP3: 87

(Rom 9:4) IP2: 25

(Rom 9:4f) IP3: 94; WPR 329; WPT 183

(Rom 9:5) GF5: 108; IP3: 87, 341; EQ 318 (BC); HPS 335; 354 (EB); WPR 504; WPT 195

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(Rom 9:1)

[Other texts citing Rom 9:1: GF5:108 (Rom 9:5)]

MFU 171 (1655): And though you may turn from the Light, where the unity is, and you may turn from the eternal Truth; but from the witness of God in your consciences [Rom 9:1] (which he hath placed in you, which beareth witness for the living God) you can never fly; and that shall pursue you wherever you go.


(Rom 9:4)

IP2:25f (1660): ...the whole dispensation of the law was given to the Jews, and not to the Gentiles, Rom 9:4. And so not any thing there written bindeth the Gentiles as there written, but only the Jews. God had another way of making his mind known to the Gentiles. Rom 1:19-2:15. According to which he would judge them [Rom 2:12]. And not by the law written, which was given to the Jews, which spake not to the Gentiles, but to the Jews, who were under it. Rom 3:19.


(Rom 9:4f)

WPR 329f, WPT 183 (1674): Let none unworthily infer ... that I prefer the state of Gentilism before the state of Christianity; No, nor yet so much, as that I intend to equal it to that of the Jews, to whom pertained the adoption, glory, covenant, and the giving of the law, whose were the fathers, and of whom Christ himself came after the flesh, who is God (the only God) over all, blessed forever. Amen. [Rom 9:4f] For this let all know, that far greater were the privileges that both Jew and Christian were blessed with, than those of the ancient Gentiles. God gave the Jews what the Gentiles had, but he was not pleased to endow the Gentiles with all that he freely bestowed upon the Jews. Yet that he gave them what was sufficient to godliness is altogether as certain; for the difference lay not in the root of the matter, but only in some extraordinary helps, and several visible services, figurative of a further glory.


(Rom 9:5)

[Other texts citing Rom 9:5: HPS 335 (Mat 19:16-22)]

GF5:108 (1675): And Rom 9:5, &c. The apostle speaking of the fathers, "of whom," saith he, "as concerning the flesh Christ came, who is God over all, blessed forever, amen [Rom 9:5G]." And this was the apostle's doctrine to the church then, who saith, "I say the truth in Christ and lie not, my conscience bearing me witness in the Holy Ghost [Rom 9:1]." [Mark,] in Christ, and in the Holy Ghost; which should be every true confessor of Christ his testimony, which we do witness, both as to his flesh, and as he was God.


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9:6 Not as though [GB: Notwithstanding (B: And) it cannot be that; T: I speak not these things as though] the word [T: words] of God hath taken [GB: should take; T: had taken] none effect. For they are not all Israel [BT: Israelites], which are [T: came] of Israel:      qtext

9:7 Neither, because they are the seed of Abraham, are they all children : but, In Isaac shall thy seed be called.

[Rom 9:7 cf Gen 21:12, Heb 11:18]

9:8 That is, They which are the children of the flesh, these are not the children of God: but [B: +they which be] the children of the promise are counted for the seed.      qtext

9:9 For this is the word of promise, At [G: In; BT: About] this time will I come, and Sara shall have a son.

[Rom 9:9 cf Gen 18:10]

9:10 And not only this [G: Neither he only felt this; T: Neither was it so with her only]; but when Rebecca also had conceived [BT: was with child] by one, even by our father Isaac;

9:11 (For the children being not yet born [GBT: ere the children were born], neither having done any good or evil [BT: bad], that the purpose of God according to [B: by; T: which is by] election might stand [G: remain], [T: +it was said unto her] not of [G: by; BT: by the reason of] works, but of [GBT: by] him that calleth [B: the caller; B: grace of the caller];)      qtext

9:12 It was said unto her [T: to 9:11], The elder shall serve the younger.

[Rom 9:12 cf Gen 25:22f]

9:13 As it is written, Jacob have I [T: he (2x)] loved, but Esau have I hated.

[Rom 9:13 cf Mal 1:2f]

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(Rom 9:6) WTG 322 (AM)

(Rom 9:7f) GF4: 81

(Rom 9:8) GF6: 390; GF8: 228 [382], 288, 289 [402]; JN3: 114n

(Rom 9:11-13) GF5: 394f; EQ 323 (BC)

(Rom 9:11-22) GF4: 80-82

(Rom 9:13) GF7: 57 [45], 333 [264]; JN1: 159 [cf Mal 1:2f]

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(Rom 9:6)

WTG 322 (Ann Moore, 1758): they are not all of Israel that were called so [Rom 9:6], neither are they all Friends who are called so.


(Rom 9:8)

[Other texts citing Rom 9:8: GF8:228 (Mat 13:38), GF8:289 (Rom 4:16)]


(Rom 9:11-13)

GF5:394f (1679): And again, you bring for your proof of your part of election and reprobation, this scripture: "Jacob I have I loved, and Esau have I hated [Mal 1:2f, Rom 9:13]; and the elder shall serve the younger [Gen 25:23, Rom 9:12]." Now if the election stood only in Jacob, was not Paul of Jacob's stock, and the Jews of Jacob's stock, who were concluded under sin [Gal 3:22] and unbelief, that God might have mercy upon all [Rom 11:32]? But was not Esau a worker, by which works he thought to have got the blessing? And were not the Jews workers? And did not they think to have got the blessing by it in the new covenant? But does not the apostle tell the Jews, "that the purpose of God according to the election stands not in works, but by grace [Rom 9:11], which hath appeared unto all men [Tit 2:11]"?


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9:14 What shall we say then? Is there [BT: +any] unrighteousness with God? God forbid.

9:15 For he saith to Moses, I will have [GBT: shew] mercy on whom I will have [G: on him, to whom I will shew; BT: to whom I shew] mercy, and I will have compassion on whom I will have compassion.

[Rom 9:15, cf Exo 33:19G]

9:16 So then it is not [T: lieth it not then] of him that willeth, nor of him that runneth [B: of the willer, nor of the runner; T: in a man’s will or cunning], but of God that sheweth mercy [BT: of (T: in) the mercy of God].      qtext

9:17 For the scripture saith unto Pharaoh, Even for this same purpose have I raised [GBT: stirred] thee up, that I might [BT: to] shew my power in thee, and that my name might be declared throughout all the earth [BT: world] .      qtext

[Rom 9:17, cf Exo 9:16]

9:18 Therefore hath he mercy on whom he will have mercy [GBT: omit], and whom he will he hardeneth [T: maketh hard-hearted].      qtext

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(Rom 9:15) GF5: 397; IP4: 24

(Rom 9:16) GFJN 175; GF3: 365, 535; GF4: 17; GF5: 394, 398; GF7: 278 [245]; JN3: 96; IP1: 239, 241, 274, 406; IP2: 27, 205, 295, 299; IP3: 68, 75, 190f, 296, 453; IP4: 74, 112, 160f, 342; EQ 240 (IP); HPS 369 (EB); WTG 67, 70 (SM), 221 (EH); JSS 11

(Rom 9:17-23) MFS 23

(Rom 9:17) GF5: 393

(Rom 9:18) IP3: 273-8; IP4: 96; IPL 31f

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(Rom 9:16)

[Other texts citing Rom 9:16: GF3:365 (Rom 11:7), GF7:278f (Gen 27:30-36), IP1:241f (Mat 11:25), IP1:406 (John 1:13), IP2:299 (Luk 15:8), WTG 70 (Mat 10:36), JSS 11 (John 21:6)]

IP2: 205 (1661): Give over thine own willing; give over thine own running [Rom 9:16]; give over thine own desiring to know or to be any thing, and sink down into the seed which God sows in the heart [Mat 13:19], and let that grow in thee, and be in thee, and breathe in thee, and act in thee, and thou shalt find by sweet experience that the Lord knows that, and loves and owns that, and will lead it to the inheritance of life, which is his portion.

HPS 369 (Elizabeth Bathurst, 1679): Although I have heard say, that the Quakers are free-willers; yet ... they are not of those that slightly say, Man may be saved if he will; for they know right well, 'Tis not of him that willeth, nor of him that runneth, but in God that sheweth Mercy [Rom 9:16]; for we are not able of ourselves, so much as to think a good thought, but all our sufficiency is of God [2 Cor 3:5], who worketh in us both to will and to do of his own good pleasure [Phil 2:13]....


(Rom 9:17)

GF5:393 (1679): you bring another scripture for your proof....: "for this purpose have I raised up Pharaoh, that I might make my power known in thee, that my name might be declared throughout all the earth [Rom 9:17, Exo 9:16]." But this is nothing to prove that the Egyptian nation is reprobated. For is not God's power known in his bringing his Jews in spirit out of spiritual Egypt, Sodom, and Babylon [Rev 11:8]? For God raised up outward Pharaoh, and hardened him against the outward Jews, who would not let them go to worship God in the wilderness, till the first birth of Egypt was slain [Exo 12:29-32]. And must not the first birth in spiritual Egypt and Babylon be slain before the Jews in spirit come out of spiritual Egypt and Babylon, to worship God in the spirit and in the truth [John 4:23f]: and there you may read the reprobation in yourselves, and not find fault with Pharaoh without you.


(Rom 9:18)

IP3: 273-278 (1672): [extended commentary on Rom 9:18]

IP4:96f, IPL 31f (1671): [quotes Rom 9:18] But he that hardeneth any, without first giving them a day of mercy, and visitations, of mercy, following them with mercy, forebearing them in mercy, and so by the riches of his goodness, forbearance, and long-suffering, leading them to repentance [Rom 2:4], that they might escape his wrath,... I say, that God hardens any before he hath dealt thus with them, from a mere will in himself, because he would destroy the most and far greater part of men; this the Scriptures nowhere testify to, but abundantly testify against.


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9:19 Thou wilt say then unto me, Why [BT: +then] doth he yet find fault [G: doth he yet complain; BT: blameth he us yet]? For who hath resisted [B: hath been able to resist; T: can resist] his will?      qtext

9:20 Nay but, O man, who art thou that repliest against [G: pleadest against; BT: disputest with] God? Shall the thing formed [BT: work] say to him that formed it [BT: the workman], Why hast thou made me thus [BT: on this fashion]?      qtext

[Rom 9:20, cf Isa 29:16, Isa 45:9]

9:21 Hath not the potter power over the clay, [BT: +even] of the same lump to make one vessel unto honour, and another unto dishonour?      qtext

[Rom 9:21, cf Jer 18:6]

9:22 What if God, willing [G: +would,] to shew his wrath, and to make his power known, endured [G: suffer; BT: suffered] with much longsuffering [GBT: long patience] the vessels of wrath fitted [G: prepared; BT: ordained] to destruction [T: damnation]:      qtext

9:23 And that he might [B: To] make known [GBT: declare] the riches of his glory on the vessels of mercy, which he had afore [GBT: omit] prepared unto glory,

9:24 Even us, whom he hath [B: Whom also he; T: That is to say us which he] called, not of the Jews only, but also of the Gentiles?

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(Rom 9:19-21) JSS 11

(Rom 9:19) MFS 30; JN1: 62

(Rom 9:20-23) GF7: 278 [245]

(Rom 9:20) WTG 238 (EH) [cf Isa 29:16, 46:9]

(Rom 9:21-23) GF7: 180f [190], 274 [244], 278,9 [245], 282 [246]; GF8: 56 [306], 95 [320]; IP4: 93

(Rom 9:21) MFU 388; IP2: 257; WTG 256 (EH)

(Rom 9:22) GF6: 26; JN1: 142; JN3: 95; IP3: 276; IP4: 32, 186 [GF confl w Jer 2:13]

(Rom 9:22f) IP2: 322

(Rom 9:23) GF3: 365; GF8: 157 [354]; IP3: 150

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(Rom 9:19-21)

JSS 11f (17–): Our part is to be unresisting, as clay in the hand of the potter. The simile regards the non-resistance of the clay, but does not extend so far as to represent us inactive, unconscious, or without choice, will, or exertion, in this great work. It might as well represent us unconscious, and entirely insensible, as inactive, or active as mere machines. It shows that we can do no more merely of ourselves in it, than lifeless clay; and that even where we are the most vigorously active in a right line religiously, our will and activity are not only wholly yielding and unresisting under the divine operation, but they are no further or faster exertive in the work, than the divine hand or influence is felt and extended, holds us fast, and puts us forward, forms and fashions us vessels of use and honour, as he pleases [Rom 9:19-21].


(Rom 9:19)

MFS 30 (1660): This is the great work which the Lord is working in this his day and the spiritual building which he is rearing and setting up. He has put his hand to work. When he works, who can let it [Isa 43:13]? Who has resisted his will [Rom 9:19]?


(Rom 9:20-23)

[Other texts citing Rom 9:20-23: GF7:278f (Gen 27:30-36)]


(Rom 9:20)

WTG 238 (Elizabeth Hudson, 1750): Oh! this coming under the great Potter’s hand, this abiding in the house of mental labour and soul work, how excellent it is in the resignation to it when the thing formed dare not say to him that formed it, why hast thou made or fashioned me [Rom 9:20]; thus passivity, filial submission, and supine subjection is imparted in these observations of the almighty by his holy prophet, to wit: [quotes Isa 10:15]


(Rom 9:21-23)

GF7:274 (1666): Oh! you that come to be vessels of honour, and vessels of the mercies of God, have esteem of your bodies; for such as defile their bodies, are neither vessels of honour, nor vessels of the mercies, but of wrath, and are for the wrath [Rom 9:21-23]. Therefore keep out strife, keep out fornication and the adulterous spirit; keep out the lusts of the eye, the lusts of the flesh, and pride of life, which is not of the Father [1 Jn 2:16]; that that which is of the Father, may be received, and have an entrance into every vessel.

GF8:56 (1674): as you have borne the image of the earthly, so also you may bear the image of the heavenly [1 Cor 15:49]. And as your vessels have been full of wrath and dishonour, so your vessels may be full of his mercies [Rom 9:21-23], and praises to God; and as in your old earth hath dwelt unrighteousness, so you may see and know the new earth, wherein dwelleth righteousness [2 Pet 3:13].

IP4:93 (1671): David saith, "The Lord hath set apart him that is godly for himself [Psa 4:3]." This is God's choice. God is the great potter, who formeth vessels upon the wheel of his power; some to honor, some to dishonor; but not before they were. Some he melteth and tendereth for salvation, who hearken to his voice; others he hardeneth and giveth up for destruction [Rom 9:21-23], who rebel against his Spirit . Oh! how should all fear before him, who hath power over them, as the potter over the clay, that they should reverence and obey him, lest his power break them to pieces!


(Rom 9:21)

[Other texts citing Rom 9:21: MFU 388 (Rev 19:13)]

WTG 256 (Elizabeth Hudson, 1750): .... was brought very low in both body and mind, yet was preserved in the spirit of patience under the hand of him who knows best after what manner to fashion the vessels of his house, and what uses to put them to when fashioned [Rom 9:21].


(Rom 9:22)

[Other texts citing Rom 9:22: JN1:142 (Jas 5:3-5); JN3: 95 (Gen 15:16) ]


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9:25 As he saith also in Osee, I will call them my people, which were not my people; and her beloved, which was not beloved.

[Rom 9:25, cf Hos 2:23]

9:26 And it shall come to pass, that [G: be] in the place where it was said unto them, Ye are not my people; there shall they be called the children of the living God.      qtext

[Rom 9:26, cf Hos 1:10]

9:27 Esaias also crieth concerning Israel, Though the number of the children of Israel be as the sand of the sea, [GB: +yet but] a remnant shall be saved:      qtext

[Rom 9:27f cf Isa 10:22f LXX]

9:28 For he will finish the work [G: will make his account; BT: finisheth the word (T +verily)], and cut [G: gather; BT: maketh] it short in [G: into a short sum with] righteousness: because a short work [G: count; BT: word] will the Lord [T: God] make upon the earth.

9:29 And as Esaias said before, Except the Lord of Sabaoth had left us a seed, we had been [GBT: +made] as Sodoma, and been made like unto [G: like to; BT: likened to] Gomorrha.

[Rom 9:29 cf Isa 1:9 LXX]

9:30 What shall we say then? That the Gentiles, which followed not after [GBT: omit] righteousness, have attained to [B: obtained; T: overtaken] righteousness, even the righteousness which is [BT: cometh] of faith.      qtext

9:31 But Israel, which followed after [GBT: omit] the law of righteousness, hath not attained [GT: could not attain] to the law of righteousness.

9:32 Wherefore? Because they sought it not by faith, but as it were by the works of the law. For they [GBT: +have] stumbled at that stumblingstone;

9:33 As it is written, Behold, I lay [BT: put] in Sion a stumblingstone and rock of offence [GT: to (T: which shall) make men fall]: and whosoever believeth on [G: everyone that believeth in; T: none that believe on] him shall not [T: omits] be ashamed [B: confounded].      qtext

[Rom 9:33, cf Isa 8:14]

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(Rom 9:25) IP3: 384

(Rom 9:26) GF2: 324; WTG 46 (SM) [cf Hosea 1:10]

(Rom 9:27) GF4: 71; MFU 159

(Rom 9:29) LB (Z45) [cf Isa 1:9]

(Rom 9:30) GF4: 62f

(Rom 9:32) IP3: 79

(Rom 9:33) GF2: 263; GF5: 96; GF6: 163, 369; MFU 115; JN2: 213, 301; IP1: 198, 232; IP3: 204f; HPS 395 (EB); WTG 178 (EH) [cf Isa 8:14f, 28:16]

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(Rom 9:26)

[Other texts citing Rom 9:26: WTG 46 (Luk 1:53)]


(Rom 9:27)

MFU 159 (1655): Object 2. If man lost the seed of God by the fall, how say you that every man hath the Seed in him? Ans: That is false, we do not say so; for we know that though Israel be as the sand of the sea, yet a remnant shall be saved [Rom 9:27], and the promise is in Isaac. He that hath an ear may hear [Rev 2:7 refrain]. But thou art the deaf adder [Psa 58:4] who is the seed of the serpent [Gen 3:15]. And to thy seed he that is the salvation of Israel, is thy condemnation & destruction to thee, and bruises thy head & breaks thee to pieces [Psa 58:7].


(Rom 9:30)

GF4:62f (1656): Have not the Gentiles which followed not after righteousness obtained the righteousness, even the righteousness of faith [Rom 9:30] in Christ Jesus, the covenant of light, the light of the Gentiles [Isa 42:6], among whom his name is great [Mal 1:11], and their eyes are opened, and the prisoners come out of the prison-house [Isa 42:7], and in him do the Gentiles trust [Rom 15:12].


(Rom 9:33)

JN2:213 (1655): This is the stumbling stone and rock of offense God hath laid [Rom 9:33] to prove you, who say you love God, and say, thy will be done in earth [Mat 6:10], but loves your own wills better, as your practices witness to your face daily, when his will is your sanctification [1 Th 4:3], but yours is pollution and to live in uncleanness, against which he hath given testimony; witness that in all your consciences which is pure, declaring daily to your faces that he consents not to your sins nor takes delight in your destruction; and here God's love is tendered, and your love is tried.

IP1:232 (1659): And this is the great error of this age; men, with a gathered knowledge from scripture words, without the true faith and life, go about to measure that life and knowledge which comes from the faith; and because it suits not with the apprehensions which they have taken in to their minds, they condemn it. And this, being in the stumbling wisdom, and way of observation to which truth was never revealed, but was ever an offence, they stumbled at it [Rom 9:33]: and so men generally dash and spilit themselves against the same rock now [Psa 91:12], as the Pharisees did of old. Now this understanding must perish [Isa 29:14], and this wisdom in men be brought to nought, before that can be raised up which can judge aright.

WTG 178 (Elizabeth Hudson, 1749): There’s some the Lord has a regard to an especial manner with whom he is striving but oh the cross is their rock of offense and stone of stumbling [Rom 9:33].


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10:1 Brethren, my heart's desire and prayer to God for Israel is, that they might be saved.

10:2 For I bear them record that they have a zeal of [T: fervent mind to] God, but not according to knowledge.      qtext

10:3 For they being [T: are] ignorant of God's [GT: the] righteousness [G: +of God; T: +which is allowed before God], and going [T: go] about to establish [GBT: stablish] their own righteousness, have not [T: and therefore are not] submitted themselves [B: been obedient; T: obedient] unto the righteousness of [T: which is of value before] God.

10:4 For Christ is the end of the law for righteousness to [T: to justify] every one that believeth [BT: all that believe].      qtext

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(Rom ch 10) IP1: 359

(Rom 10:2) GF7: 69 [54]; WPR 68; DFR 97; SIW 94

(Rom 10:3) DGA 77, 101, 134

(Rom 10:3f) JN2: 80

(Rom 10:4-10) GF5: 96

(Rom 10:4) GFJN 17, 334f; GF3: 51, 52, 119, 158, 206, 251, 265, 299, 318, 320, 374, 518, 547, 561; GF4: 53, 67, 83, 105, 145, 152, 214, 224, 361; GF5: 262; GF6: 52, 308, 334, 446; GF7: 162 [171], 295 [249]; GF8: 36 [287], 288 [402], 301 [410]; MFS 16; MFU 260, 297; JN1: 101, 292; JN2: 227; JN3: 121, 123, 435; IP1: 370; IP2: 26; IPL 46; JSS 10

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(Rom 10:2)

GF7:69 (1653): My babes, dwell in the light, in the immortal seed of God, and grow up in it, and be clothed with Christ's zeal [Isa 59:17], having his mind [1 Cor 2:16]; that with the light ye may see them who are turned from the light, and act contrary to the light, who with the light are to be condemned. And so all they that make a profession of the scriptures declared from the light, and act contrary to the light that comes from Christ Jesus, and yet profess his command, their zeal is without knowledge [Rom 10:2], and they will persecute.

SIW 94 (Sarah Tuke Grubb, 1782): the fervent desire of our spirits is, that ... being clothed with a zeal [Isa 59:17] according to knowledge [Rom 10:2], for the prosperity of Zion, and the enlargement of her borders [Ex 34:24], you may become established as a city set upon a hill [Mat 5:14], having light of the gospel day upon your dwellings.


(Rom 10:4)

[Other texts citing Rom 10:4: GFJN 17 (Rom 8:2), GF3:251 (Rom 3:23), GF3:265 (Mat 24:24), GF3:320 (Luk 14:5), GF6:52 (Rom 6:14), GF7:162 (Rom 13:1), MFU 297 (Gen 9:6), JN2:226f (Mat 5:17f), JN2:227 (Rom 7:14)]

IP1:369f (1660): ...the case of Paul's appealing to Caesar [Acts 28:19] doth not prove that Caesar was a proper judge in cases of conscience; but he was, at that time, a proper defence against the malice of the Jews, who most unconscionably persecuted Paul under a pretence of zeal for God, and defence of their church and ordinances. And were ye not in power, but an equal heathen magistrate over us both, the Quakers durst refer their cause to trial, that they have done you injury, no more than Paul did the Jews. Indeed Paul preached that which was the end of the law [Rom 10:4], and the overturning of the Jewish state: and if their priests and rulers had had him to judge, they would have made him as great an offender as ye now make the Quakers.

JSS 10 (17–): We are complete in him [Col 2:10], and in him alone, without any addition. No addition can be made, but what will ever be hurtful. But we are never complete in him any otherwise than as we are really in him, as the branch is in, belongs to, and is of the vine [John 15:4f]; nor any further than we are thus in him, is he truly and substantially formed in us [Gal 4:19], and become our life and hope of glory [Col 1:27]; so far, and no further, he is the "end of the law [Rom 10:4]," to us.


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10:5 For Moses describeth [B: writeth of] the righteousness which is [T: cometh] of the law, That the man which doeth those things [T: the things of the law] shall live by them [G: thereby; T: therein].

[Rom 10:5, cf Lev 18:5]

10:6 But the righteousness which is [T: cometh] of faith speaketh on this wise, Say not in thine heart, Who shall ascend into heaven? (that is [T: +nothing else than], to bring [BT: fetch] Christ down from above:)      qtext

[Rom 10:6-8, cf Deu 30:12-14]

10:7 Or, Who shall descend into the deep? (that is [T: +nothing else but], to bring up [G: bring; BT: fetch up] Christ again from the dead [T: death] .)

10:8 But what saith it [B: he? T: the scripture]? The word is nigh [G: near] thee, even in thy mouth, and in thy heart: that is, the word of faith, which we preach;      qtext

[Rom 10:8, cf Deut 10:14]

10:9 That if thou shalt confess [BT: knowledge] with thy mouth the Lord Jesus [T: that Jesus is the lord], and shalt believe in thine heart that God hath [GBT: omit] raised him [GT: +up] from the dead [T: death], thou shalt be saved [T: safe].

10:10 For with the heart man believeth unto righteousness; and with the mouth confession is made [GB: man confesseth] unto salvation [T: For the belief of the heart justifieth: and to knowledge with the mouth maketh a man safe].      qtext

10:11 For the scripture saith, Whosoever believeth on him shall not be ashamed [B: confounded].

[Rom 10:11 cf Isa 28:16 LXX]

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(Rom 10:5-8) DGA 72

(Rom 10:5) IP1: 42 [cf Lev 18:5, Gal 3:12]

(Rom 10:6-11) GF4: 91

(Rom 10:6-8) GF7: 285f [249]; GF8: 37 [287]; GFEJ 283, 475; MFS 27, 52; MFU 320; JN1: 278, 304, 517; JN2: 5, 17; 400 (TB); JN3: 16; 725 (RR); IP1: 345f; IP2: 28; IP3: 58; EQ 326 (BC); HPS 390 (EB), 476; WPR 503, 611; WPT 277; SBD 16 [cf Deut 30:12-14]

(Rom 10:6) GF3: 338; DGA 77

(Rom 10:6f) GF8: 52 [301]

(Rom 10:7) JN3: 248

(Rom 10:8-10) GF6: 424; JN1: 214 (GF); JN3: 247, 248

(Rom 10:8) GF3: 57, 88, 102, 119, 190, 227, 234, 242, 260; GF4: 127, 164, 286; GF5: 182; GF6: 232, 237, 389, 406; GF7: 33 [25], 107 [105], 306 [252]; GF8: 16 [270], 177 [361], 209 [372]; DGA 83, 127; LB (WD19); MFU 147, 211, 259, 346f; JN1: 46, 126, 227, 294; JN2: 81, 170, 195, 350f, 449, 459, 539, 557; JN3: 71, 404; IPL 55; IP1: 30, 42, 121, 131, 222, 323; IP2: 7, 8, 33, 339, 366; IP3: 60, 242, 253, 267; IP4: 59, 62, 179, 195, 200, 334, 343, 388; RBA 67, 78f, 98, 143, 147; RBAF 7(73), 51, 102, 104; HPS 147, 321; 348, 395 (EB); WPR 298, 322; WPT 73, 112, 120, 148; SBD 21 [cf Deut 30:14]

(Rom 10:9) WPT 273

(Rom 10:9f) GF6: 269

(Rom 10:10) GF3: 57, 182; GF5: 312; GF8: 19 [275], 55 [305], 128 [336], 272 [398]; MFU 164; JN1: 320; JN2: 221; JN3: 71

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(Rom 10:6-8)

MFS 52 (1660): To this light we direct people's minds, that everyone in particular may have a teacher and a testimony according to the righteousness of faith, which speaks on this wise [Rom 10:6], "The word is near you, on your lips and in your heart [Rom 10:8]." If everyone would come to this, there would be a feeling of our intents to be just, innocent, and righteous, and God's justice and righteousness, who has said, [quotes Mal 3:5].

HPS 476 (Gertruyd Deriks Niesen, 1677): ... when we were wandering from mountain to hill [Jer 50:6], and choosing our own ways, seeking the living amongst the dead [Luk 24:5]; yea, when we had long thus wearied ourselves, and almost despaired of finding what we sought, but were saying in ourselves, Who shall ascend up, or descend down for us [Rom 10:6f] to bring that to us, without which our immortal souls can find no rest? Even in that time is the Lord appeared, not as a God afar off [Jer 23:23], but a God near, even in our hearts [Rom 10:8] is he appeared through the light of his Son, and thereby opened he our hearts and understandings, according to his divine wisdom, who knew every one's state and every one's necessity....

SBD 16 (1750): [quotes Rom 10:6-8] Now this Word that is in the heart and mouth of inspired ministers is that by which they must be acted, if they do right in the work of the ministry; and indeed, unless this Word in the heart opens the understanding, there can be no right preaching.


(Rom 10:8)

[Other texts citing Rom 10:8: GF3: 242 (John 10:24), GF4:164 (Mat 24:27), GF6:232 (1 Jn 2:7), GF6:237 (Heb 12:23), MFU 346 (John 4:29), MFU 346f (John 1:14), JN1:126 (2 Pet 3:16), JN2:195 (Mat 24:23), IP2:8f (Rom 1:5), RBA 67 (Rom 8:2), HPS 321f (Rev 14:6f)]

GF7:107 (1655): In which light as ye wait, ye will come to receive into your hearts the word of faith [Rom 10:8], which reconciles to God, and is as a hammer [Jer 23:29], to beat down all that is contrary; and as a sword, to divide the precious from the vile [Jer 15:19]; and as a fire [Jer 23:29], to burn up that which is contrary to the precious: which word is pure [Psa 119:40], and endureth for ever [1 Pet 1:25, Isa 40:8 ]; which was in the beginning [John 1:1], and is now again witnessed and made manifest. Therefore wait in the light, that ye may all receive it, the same word that ever was, which the scriptures were given forth from.

IP2:33 (1660): It hath cost me very dear, what I testify to you in the simplicity and integrity of my heart; and this I know to be most certainly true, that that spirit of man, which, without the leadings of the eternal light, hath nestled itself in the letter, got a seat of wisdom and knowledge there, raised up a building from thence, either of inward or outward worship, will be dissettled and driven thence, even by that very Spirit which gave forth the letter. And when this is done, and God's Spirit again openeth the letter, oh, how sweet, how profitable, how clear, how refreshing will it be, being read in the sight of the Spirit, in the faith which is in Christ Jesus, which is begotten in the heart by the word of faith which is nigh there [Rom 10:8].

IP4:200 (1667): The word of faith which the apostles preached [Rom 10:8], and the word of life eternal [1 Jn 1:1], and the light which enlighteneth every man that cometh into the world [John 1:9], differ not, but are the same; and the light wherewith he enlightens them, that they might believe in him who enlighteneth, is of the same nature with the Enlightener, and sufficient to guide them to the faith of him.

RBA 143, RBAF 102 (1678, V/VI.22): That this saving Light and Seed, or a measure of it, is given to all, Christ telleth expressly in the parable of the sower [Mat 13:18-23 ||], he saith that this "seed" sown in those several sorts of grounds is the "Word of the Kingdom [Mat 13:19]," which the apostle calls the Word of faith [Rom 10:8], the "implanted ingrafted word, which is able to save the soul [Jas 1:21]"; the words themselves declare that it is that, which is saving, in the nature of it, for in the good ground, it fructified abundantly.

SBD 21 (1750): I say, then, inspiration or revelation from God by his Spirit is of absolute necessity to guide a minister in his ministry. A minister so conducted by a gospel power and light, inspiring his mind with the how and the what he shall say, will speak with the Spirit, and understanding also [1 Cor 14:15]; that is, he will understand by his own experience the work of the Spirit, and Word of Faith [Rom 10:8] in his own mind, and that what he says is true.... But we are to wait for both authority and power, that in the Lord's time we may speak (of what our eyes have seen, our hands have handled, and what we have felt of the good Word of Life, and powers of the world to come [1 Jn 1:1/Heb 6:5])....


(Rom 10:10)

[Other texts citing Rom 10:10: JN3: 71 (Rom 4:13)]

GF8:19 (1669): [quotes Joel 2:28f] Now friends, if this be fulfilled, servants, handmaids, sons, daughters, old men, young men, every one to feel the spirit of God, by which you may see the things of God, and declare them to his praise; for with the heart man doth believe, and with the mouth confession is made unto salvation [Rom 10:10]; first, he has it in his heart, before it comes out of his mouth: and this is beyond that brain-beaten-heady stuff, which man has long studied, about the saints' words, which the holy men of God spake forth as they were moved by the holy ghost [2 Pet 1:21]: so the holy ghost moved them, before they came forth and spake them.

MFU 164 (1655): So if thou ever come to the way that leads to life & salvation, thou must turn thy mind to the light of Christ in thy conscience, & let that be thy guide, teacher & leader. Keep thy mind subject to that; there is the path.... So as every one's mind is, so is the man: with the heart man believeth unto righteounsness: with the mouth confession is made unto salvation [Rom 10:10]. If thy heart condemn thee, God is greater & knoweth all things [1 Jn 3:20]. So flatter not thyself with vain imaginations, for these will not stand in the day of trial, when the [search of hearts comes?] & separation is between the precious & the vile [Jer 15:19].

JN1:320 (1654): Your sprinkling infants [rests] upon the faith of others; but the saints' baptism was upon their own faith; for with the heart they believed, and with the tongue confessed to salvation [Rom 10:10], and the baptism by which they were saved was not the washing away the filth of the flesh but the answer of a good conscience through the resurrection of Jesus Christ [1 Pet 3:21].

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10:12 For there is no difference between the Jew and the Greek [G: Grecian; T; Gentile]: for the same [G: he that is; T; one is] Lord over [T: of] all [T: +which] is rich unto all that call upon him.      qtext

10:13 For whosoever shall call upon the name of the Lord shall be saved [T: safe].

[Rom 10:13, cf Joel 2:32]

10:14 How then shall they call on him in whom they have not believed? and how shall they believe in him of whom they have not heard? and how shall they hear without a preacher?

10:15 And how shall they preach, except they be sent? as it is written, How beautiful are the feet of them that preach the gospel [which bring glad (B: good) tidings] of peace, and bring glad [B: good] tidings of good things!      qtext

[Rom 10:15, cf Isa 52:7]

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(Rom 10:12) EQ 337 (BC); HPS 382 (EB)

(Rom 10:14-17) MFS 27

(Rom 10:14) RBAF 104

(Rom 10:14f) RBA 146

(Rom 10:15) GF3: 241, 366; GF4: 327; GF5: 182, 194; GF8: 64f [312], 172 [360], 191 [364], 212 [375], 235f [388]; DGA 145; JN3: 88; RBA 105; RBAF 79; HPS 294 [cf Isa 52:7]

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(Rom 10:12)

HPS 382 (Elizabeth Bathurst, 1679): ...if we turn this grace into wantonness [Jude 1:4], and so receive it in vain; so indeed it will not save us. However, the grace of God, in itself, is able and sufficient to save all to whom it appears, and all that believe in it, and are led by it, are preserved; because it was by this grace of God that his Son Christ Jesus should taste death for every man [Heb 2:9]: For there is no difference between the Jew and Greek; but the same Lord over all, is rich unto all that call upon him [Rom 10:12]: For the Lord is gracious and full of compassion, slow to anger and of great kindness [Psa 145:8f].


(Rom 10:15)

GF5:194 (1675) So though you may say, thus saith Christ, and thus say the apostles, and be such as run and God never sends [Jer 23:21], nor Christ, and have neither heard God's voice, nor seen his shape [John 5:3], and the Lord nor Christ have not spoken to you [Jer 23:21], and you say, you have not the Holy Ghost as the apostles had, and so follow your own spirits, and see nothing [Ezek 13:3]; ... and so are succeeders of these false prophets which God reproved, and not the true prophets nor apostles[.] "And how can you preach, except you be sent?" saith the apostle [Rom 10:15]; for whom Christ sends they be in the Holy Ghost, and none can call him Lord, but by the Holy Ghost [1 Cor 12:3].

GF8:212 (1682): And in all your meetings, if there be any difference between brother and brother, do not reflect one upon another in meetings, but speak one to another between yourselves, as Christ commands Mat 18:15]; and then you may preach the gospel of peace [Rom 10:15] freely, and speak the truth in the love of it [Eph 4:15?], as it is in Christ Jesus [Eph 4:21].

RBA 105, RBAF 79 (1678, V/VI.6): whereas "the feet of those that bring the glad tidings of the gospel of peace" are said to be "beautiful" [Isa 52:7 | Rom 10:15] for that they preach the common salvation, repentance unto all; offering a door of mercy and hope to all through Jesus Christ who gave himself a ransom for all [1 Tim 2:6]. The Gospel invites all; and certainly by the Gospel Christ intended not to deceive and delude the greater part of mankind when he invites and crieth, saying, "Come unto me all ye that labour and are heavy laden and I will give you rest [Mat 11:28]." If all then ought to seek after him and to look for salvation by him, he must needs have made salvation possible to all; for who is bound to seek after that which is impossible?


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10:16 But they have not all obeyed the gospel. For Esaias saith, Lord, who hath believed [T: shall believe] our report [BT: sayings]?      qtext

[Rom 10:16, cf Isa 53:1]

10:17 So then faith cometh [G: is] by hearing, and hearing [BT: +cometh] by the word of God.      qtext

10:18 But I say [G: demand; BT: ask] , Have they not heard? Yes verily [GBT: No doubt], their sound went into [G: out through; BT: out into] all the earth [BT: lands], and their words unto [GBT: into] the ends of the world.

[Rom 10:18, cf Psa 19:4 LXX]

10:19 But I say [GBT: demand] , Did not Israel know [G: +God; BT: whether Israel did know or not]? First Moses saith, I will provoke you to jealousy [GBT: envy] by them that are no people [G: a nation that is not my nation], and by a foolish nation I will anger you.      qtext

[Rom 10:18, cf Deut 32:21]

10:20 But Esaias is very bold, and saith, I was found of them that sought me not; I was made manifest [G: and have been made manifest; B: I am manifest; T; and have appeared] unto them that asked not after me.      qtext

[Rom 10:20f cf Isa 65:1f LXX]

10:21 But to [BT: against] Israel he saith, All day long I have stretched forth my hands [G: hand] unto a disobedient and gainsaying people [BT: people that believeth not, but speaketh against me].      qtext

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(Rom 10:16) JSS 13 [cf Isa 53:1, John 12:38]

(Rom 10:17) GF8: 76 [316]; RBA 147; RBAF 82, 105

(Rom 10:18) RBA 146; RBAF 104

(Rom 10:19) IP1: 153; IP4: 432 [cf Deut 32:21]

(Rom 10:20) GF4: 72; JN3: 131

[Rom 10:20 cf Isa 65:1]

(Rom 10:21) IP2: 222; HPS 394 (EB)

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(Rom 10:16)

JSS 13 (17 ): He cannot (such is the purity and goodness of his eternal unchangeable nature) make a sham invitation to any, and pass it upon them as a real and sincere one! As his promise is yea and amen forever [2 Cor 1:20], so is his call. All have heard it; but they have "not all obeyed [Rom 10:16]." The call is as real to him as does not, as to him who does obey.


(Rom 10:17)

[Other texts citing Rom 10:17: RBA 147 (John 1:7)]

GF8:76 (1675): And faith comes by hearing of the word [Rom 10:17], by which all things were made and created [John 1:3], and by which all things are upheld [Heb 1:3], which lives, and abides, and endures for ever [1 Pet 1:23]; which word was in the beginning with God [John 1:1], and God was the word; which word became flesh, and dwelt among us, who beheld his glory, the glory as of the only begotten son of God [John 1:14], who is risen, whom you come now to hear and see, and not only so, but come to be made partakers of his glory [1 Pet 5:1], and of his resurrection from the dead.


(Rom 10:19)

IP1:153 (1659): [the whore's] religion, her worship, her profession, her practices, do not reach to the purifying of the conscience, but only to paint over the old sepulchre, where rottenness lodgeth within [Mat 23:27].... And so the evil nature still remains, the evil heart of unbelief [Heb 3:12] is still to be found in them.... And when the Lord comes to provoke them to jealousy [Deu 32:21 | Rom 10:19] by the shining of his light, and by the appearance of his power in some whom they despise, then the pride, the passion, the envy, the heart-burnings, the hard speeches, the false surmisings, with the rest of the enmity which still abides with them, stirs and rises against the life and power, and their hypocrisy is made manifest.


(Rom 10:20)

JN3:130f (1656): And as the ministers of Christ are ever called out of the world and the things thereof... And in this state their reward was that they might keep the gospel without charge [1 Cor 9:18], and yet they was ever hated by such as was approved of men, who stirred up such as they preached to for hire [Mic 3:11], to persecute them that preached freely [Mat 10:8], to such as are so far from hiring them that they would rather devour them than hear them, yet will hire and hear them of their own choosings. And this must be, that the grace of God may appear to be free, and he be found of them that sought him not [Isa 65:1 | Rom 10:20].


(Rom 10:21)

[Other texts citing Rom 10:21: IP2:222 (Gen 29:18-30), HPS 394f (Mat 23:37)]




This page added Nov 2007