3:1 My brethren, be not many masters [T: every man a master], knowing [T: remembering] that we shall receive the greater [T: more] condemnation [BT: damnation] .     qtext

3:2 For in many things we offend [GBT: sin (2x)] all. If any man offend not in word, the same is a perfect man, and able also [GT: omit] to bridle [T: tame] the whole body.     qtext

3:3 Behold, we put bits in the horses' mouths, that they may [GT: should] obey us; and we turn about their whole body.     qtext

[Jas 3:3, cf Psa 32:9]

3:4 Behold also the ships, which though they be so great, and are driven of fierce winds, yet are they turned about with a very small helm [G: rudder], whithersoever the [BT: +violence of the] governor listeth [BT: will].

3:5 Even so the tongue is a little member, and boasteth [G: +of] great things. Behold, how great a matter [GT: thing] a little fire kindleth!

3:6 And the tongue is a fire, a world of iniquity [GBT: wickedness]: so is the tongue [GBT: +set] among our members, that it defileth the whole body, and setteth on fire the course [T: afire all that we have] of nature; and it is set on fire [T: is itself set afire even] of hell.     qtext

3:7 For every kind [G: For the whole nature; BT: All the natures] of beasts, and of birds, and of serpents [G: creeping things], and of things in [GBT: of] the sea, is tamed, and hath been [BT: are meeked and] tamed of mankind [GBT the nature of man]:

3:8 But the tongue can no man tame; it is an unruly evil, full of deadly poison.     qtext

[Jas 3:8, cf Rom 3:13]

3:9 Therewith bless we God, even the Father; and therewith curse we men, which are made after the similitude of God.     qtext

3:10 Out of the same [GBT: one] mouth proceedeth blessing and cursing. My brethren, these things ought not so to be.     qtext

3:11 Doth a fountain send forth at the same [GBT: one] place sweet water and bitter [BT: +also]?     qtext

3:12 Can the fig tree, my brethren, bear olive berries? either a vine, [BT: +bear] figs? so can no fountain both yield [G: make both; BT: give both] salt water and fresh [G: sweet; BT: +also].

(Jas 3:1-3) WPT 227

(Jas 3:1) GF4: 361; GF6: 468; WPR 48

(Jas 3:2) GF3: 36, 487; JN3: 17, 519; 705n (RR)

(Jas 3:3-8) GF5: 283

(Jas 3:3) GF7:186 [195]; MFU 197f

(Jas 3:6) GF4: 124, 202, 281

(Jas 3:8) GF8: 171 [360]

(Jas 3:8f) GF5: 120, 226

(Jas 3:9) JN2: 185, 314

(Jas 3:10-12) GF3: 578

(Jas 3:11) GF3: 310; JN1: 138

(Jas 3:11f) GF2: 297; JN2: 76

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(Jas 3:1)

[Other texts citing Jas 3:1: GF4:361 (under Mat 20:25f) ]

GF6:468 (168-?): [on Mat 23:8-10] Where do you read that any of the apostles, when they writ to one another, or the church to them, that they called one another masters? .... For Jas saith, "My brethren, be not many masters, knowing that we shall receive the greater condemnation." [Jas 3:1] So he calleth them brethren, and not masters.


(Jas 3:2)

GF3:487 (1659): And the apostle saith in the epistle to the twelve tribes, "In many things we offend all." [Jas 3:2] ... but we are come into the one thing, Christ Jesus, the end of many things, and in him there is no sin [1 Jn 3:5]. And he sins who is not in him, who put an end to the many things that must end and change.


(Jas 3:3-8)

GF5:283 (1676): And now mark, all ye seamen, and all ye bridlers of horses, and all others that tame other creatures, see that you can bridle and tame your own tongues, and turn about your tongues in your passion, as soon as you do your horses; and as soon as you do your great ships, when you turn them about; so see that you can so soon turn your tongues when the fierce winds of passion are up; and tame your tongues, lest that unruly member defile your whole bodies, and "set on fire the course of nature, and it is set on fire of hell." For you can tame serpents, and all kinds of beasts, and of birds, and things in the sea, and not tame your tongue, that unruly member that is full of deadly poison? bridle it, I say, with God's bridle (his power). [Jas 3:3-8]


(Jas 3:3)

[Other texts citing Jas 3:3: GF7:186f (John 1:3)]

MFU 197f (1656): if thou do mind the light of God & come down to it in thee, it will be a bit to stay thee and turn thee about into obedience to the Lord, as the apostle Jas speaks of [Jas 3:3].


(Jas 3:6)

GF4:202 (1659): The relation which stands in destroying, is by the children of light denied.... [they] see that which leads nature out of its course, and what sets the whole course of nature on fire [Jas 3:6]; and there the whole world are in confusion, and all the tongues are unbridled [Jas 1:26], where power over them is not, while that reigns which leads nature out of course, his religion is vain [Jas 1:26], and that relation stands out of the truth....


(Jas 3:8)

[Other texts citing Jas 3:8: GF8:171 (Rom 3:13)]


(Jas 3:8f)

GF5:226 (1676): [Quotes Jas 3:8f] that evil tongue and unruly member, that is full of poison [Jas 3:8], you must have power over and bridle, else your religion is vain [Jas 1:26]; for it must not do so, to curse the Creator's workmanship after his own image [Jas 3:9]; for that proceeds from the wisdom below, and not from that which is above [Jas 3:15,17]....


(Jas 3:10-12)

GF3:578 (1659): Thou speakest of giving of thanks, and craving a blessing, and yet you say you must have a body of sin [Rom 6:6] whilst you are upon earth; so your thanks and your blessings are from unclean lips [Isa 6:5], in the mouth that blesses and curses, and so proceed from the bad fountain [Jas 3:10-12].


(Jas 3:11)

GF3:310 (1659): One fountain cannot send forth sweet water and bitter [Jas 3:11], and yet it is bitter to them that are in the transgression; ... speaking truth to him who is in the deceit, is bitter to him, but to the just it is not.

JN1:137f (1653): Thou talkest of pitying and praying for these; but the spirit of scorning, slandering, and deceit, and the spirit of pity and prayer, cannot stand in one, and where the first is I cannot own the latter. [Margin: Jas 3:11].

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3:13 Who is a wise man and endued with knowledge [T: learning] among you? let him shew out of a [G: by] good conversation his works with [G: in] meekness of [T: coupled with] wisdom.

3:14 But if ye have bitter envying and strife in your hearts, glory [GT: rejoice] not, and lie not [GBT: neither be liars] against the truth.     qtext

3:15 This [B: For such] wisdom descendeth not from above, but is earthly, sensual, [T: natural; GBT: +and] devilish.     qtext

3:16 For where envying and strife is, there is confusion [GB: sedition; T: stableness] and every evil work [GBT: all manner of evil works].

3:17 But the wisdom that is from above is first pure, then peaceable, gentle, and easy to be intreated, full of mercy and good fruits, without partiality [GBT: judging], and without hypocrisy [BT: simulation].     qtext

3:18 [BT: +Yea] And the fruit of righteousness is sown in peace of them that make [T: maintain] peace.

[Jas 3:18 cf Psa 97:11]

(Jas 3:13-18) EQ 343 (BC)

(Jas 3:13-17) JN1: 69

(Jas 3:13-16) GF6: 106

(Jas 3:13) GF5: 120, 372; HPS 417 (EB)

(Jas 3:14) JN2: 285; WPR 600; WPT 403

(Jas 3:14f) JN1: 153

(Jas 3:15-18) GF6: 220; EQ 433, 435 (GF)

(Jas 3:15-17) GFJN 311; GF4: 16, 127, 163; GF5: 120, 226; GF7: 28f [20], 68 [53], 70 [54], 127f [131], 191 [200], 323 [262], 329 [263], 343 [264]; GF8: 56 [306], 163 [356]; JN1: 41, 44; IP1: 82; IP2: 160, 195, 372, 421; IP3: HPS 263; SIW 88

(Jas 3:15) GFJN 17; GF3: 276; GF4: 126, 142, 223; GF6: 12, 448; GF7: 32 [24], 66 [50], 145 [154], 176 [187], 250 [232]; MFS 95; JN1: 70, 266; JN2: 278; IP2: 274; EQ 174;SBD 17

(Jas 3:16) DGA 78; EQ 541 (BR)

(Jas 3:17) GFJN 281f; GF2: 348; GF4: 133, 201, 232, 265, 272, 282, 298; GF5:179f; GF7: 54 [44], 71 [56], 74 [61], 104 [101], 105 [103], 153 [163], 171 [181], 217 [216], 238 [223], 240 [226], 243, 244 [230], 254 [233], 273 [242], 282 [347], 308 [256]; GF8: 36 [287], 49 ,50 [300], 52 [301], 84 [318], 126 [333], 148 [349], 191 [364], 192 [365], 195 [367], 210 [373], 230 [383], 231,2 [384], 250 [392], 251 [393], 277 [400], 279,81 [401], 291 [404], 308 [418]; GFEJ 48, 229, 415, 447; GFT 35, 120; WDS 63, 68, 124; IP1: 241f; IP2: 108, 153; IP3: 176; HPS 509; WPR 117, 640; WPT 171f; JWJM 66, 143,154, 165, 179, 209, 240, 265; DFR 39; SIW 59, 98 [may be confl 2 Jas 1:27]

(Jas 3:17f) GF5: 372

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(Jas 3:14)

JN2:285 (1655): I shall let thee see in a few words what a body of confusion is in this daughter thou art boasting of; which shame might have been hid had it not been for your glorying against the truth [Jas 3:14]....

WPR 600, WPT 403 (1694): And if we keep in the Spirit, by it we are made one people to God, and by it we are continued in the unity of the faith, and the bond of peace [Eph 4:3]. No envying, no bitterness, no strife can have place with us [Jas 3:14].


(Jas 3:15-17)

[Other texts citing Jas 3:15-17: GF5:226 (under Jas 3:8f), GF7:323f (John 14:6), GF8:163 (Mat 11:19b), IP1:82 (Mat 21:31)]

GFJN 311 (1657): Now all may read each seedsman, which hath each wisdom. He that sows to the flesh (Gal 6:8), which is of that born [John 3:6], hath the wisdom that is earthly, sensual, and devilish [Jas 3:15]; he that sows to the spirit [Gal 3:8], a minister of the spirit [2 Cor 3:6], hath the wisdom from above, which is pure, which is gentle, which is easy to be entreated [Jas 3:17], the wisdom by which all things were made and created [Wis 7:22]. Now is each wisdom discovered, and each seedsman; the day hath discovered it, which is the light.

GF7:343 (1669): And dear friends, who feel the power of the everlasting God, (for all who are out of it, are in confusion,) you being come into God's fear, which is the beginning of true wisdom [Psa 111:10, Prov 9:10], by which all things were created [Wis 7:22]; and by it all things must be ordered again [Wis 8:1] to God's glory [1 Cor 10:31]. All that are out of this wisdom are in the earthly, devilish [Jas 3:15], and destroying state; but the wisdom from above is gentle and pure [Jas 3:17], and preserves you, yea, and the whole creation, to the glory of God.

JN1:44 (1653): [long passage] Take heed of searching into the hidden things of God by your own wisdom, which is carnal [Jas 3:15]... the flaming sword [Gen 3:24] is to this wisdom: therefore turn your minds within, and wait for a wisdom from above, which begins with the fear of the Lord [Psa 111:10, Prov 1:7] which is pure, peaceable, gentle, and easy to be entreated [Jas 3:17].

SIW 88 (Sarah Tuke Grubb, 1780): But no language is able to set forth that situation of mind, when the wisdom which is from above [Jas 3:17], and that which is from beneath [Jas 3:15], are struggling for victory. It is truly a fiery trial [1 Pet 4:12], but one which I fear will never consume all the reprobate silver [Jer 6:30].


(Jas 3:15)

[Other texts citing Jas 3:15: GF6:448 (under Heb 6:6), GF7:32 (Mat 7:26f), MFS 95 (Luk 7:30), JN1:70 (Gen 3:14), JN1:266 (Mat 13:4)]

GFJN 17 (16 ): For the seed of God is a burdensome stone [Zech 12:3] to the selfish, fleshly, earthly will which reigns in its own knowledge and understanding, that must perish [Isa 29:14], and in its wisdom, that is devilish [Jas 3:15].

SBD 17 (1750): And that ministry which is of man, though it may be very pleasing to the creature and acceptable to the itching ears [2 Tim 4:3], who with the Greeks of old seek after wisdom [1 Cor 1:22] but not that which is from above [Jas 3:15], is not profitable to the hearers.


(Jas 3:16)

EQ 541 (Robert Barclay, 1676): Now if the Church of Christ were so destitute of the Spirit of God that in case of difference there were not any found that by the infallible Spirit could give a certain judgment, would not then the "gates of Hell" prevail against it [Mat 16:18]? For where is strive and division, and no effectual way to put an end to it, there not only the gates, but the courts and inner chambers of darkness prevail; for where envying and strife is, there is confusion, and every evil work [Jas 3:16].


(Jas 3:17)

[Other texts citing Jas 3:17: GF7:54 (under Jas 1:5), GF8:49 (under Mat 10:34), GF8:277f (John 8:32), GF8:291 (Luk 24:49), IP1:241f (Mat 11:25), IP3:176 (John 10:3-5), HPS 509 (John 15:8), JWJM 178f (Mat 10:29)]

IP2:108 (1660): He believes, he hopes, he waits, he prays... &c. In the cross to the mortal part; not as man's wisdom teacheth [1 Cor 2:13], or would teach, or can teach any of these things; for his sacrifice is still an abomination [Deut 17:1], even to the wise Egyptian part in himself [Gen 41:8, Exo 7:11]; but as the life teaches, as the wisdom from above [Jas 3:17] teacheth....

JWJM 66: I found myself engaged to say that as we professed the Truth and were there assembled to support the testimony of it, it was necessary to dwell deep [Jer 49:8] and act in that wisdom which is pure [Jas 3:17], or otherwise we could not prosper.

JWJM 143 (1764): Remember, O my soul, that the Prince of Peace [Isa 9:6] is thy Lord, that he communicates his unmixed wisdom [Jas 3:17] to his family, that they, living in perfect simplicity, may give no just cause of offence to any creature, but may walk as he walked [1 Jn 2:6].

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4:1 From whence come wars and fightings [G: contentions] among you? come [G: are] they not hence, even of your lusts [G: pleasures; T: voluptuousness] that war [GB: fight; T: reign] in your members?     qtext

4:2 Ye lust, and have not: ye kill [GBT: envy], and desire to have [G: desire immoderately; BT: have indignation], and cannot obtain: ye fight and war, yet ye have not [G: and get nothing], because ye ask not.

4:3 Ye ask, and receive not, because ye ask amiss, that ye may consume it upon [G: lay the same out on] your lusts [G: pleasures; T: voluptuousness].     qtext

(Jas 4:1-8) GF5: 447

(Jas 4:1-4) GF8: 264 [397]

(Jas 4:1-3) GFJN 399; GFEJ 439

(Jas 4:1) GFJN 65, 357; GF3: 290, 541; GF4: 298f; GF5: 237; GF6: 167; GF7: 44 [37], 84 [74], 105 [104], 118 [123], 145,6 [154]; DGA 26; MFS 54; JN1: 113, 259; IP2: 153; IP4: 250; RBA 439, 469; RBAF 428; EQ 402, 406; WPR 579; WPT 365; JWJM 85; WTG 290 (AM)

(Jas 4:1f) GF4: 43; JN1: 213 (GF); EQ 343 (BC)

(Jas 4:2-4) GF6: 157

(Jas 4:3) GFJN 2, 15; GF4: 136, 196; GF5: 3f; GF7: 90 [79], 141 [148], 253 [232], 325 [262]; JN1: 67, 70, 220, 228, 230; JN3: 110, 235; IP3: 451, 483; IP4: 73; EQ 179; HPS 132

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(Jas 4:1)

[Other texts citing Jas 4:1: GFJN 357 (Luk 9:56)]

GFJN 65 (16–): [they] asked me if I would not take up arms for the Commonwealth against the King. But I told them that I lived in the virtue of that live and power which took away the occasion of all wars, and I knew from whence all wars did rise, according to the lust in Jas's doctrine [Jas 4:1].... I told them I was come into the covenant of peace [Num 25:12] which was before wars and strifes were.

GF7:44 (1653): And walk in the spirit, and then the lusts of the flesh will not be fulfilled [Gal 5:16], and then strife is kept out, that which would be high and get up, through which come strife and wars [Jas 4:1].

MFS 54 (1660): [We] do deny and bear our testimony against all strife, wars and fightings that come from the lusts that war in the members [Jas 4:1], that war against the soul [1 Pet 2:11]....

IP2:153 (1661): Fighting is not suitable to a gospel spirit; but to the spirit of the world [1 Cor 2:12], and the children thereof. The fighting in the gospel is turned inward against the lusts [Jas 4:1], and not outward against the creatures.

RBA 439 (XV.3, 1678): ... the most frequent [means of procuring the favour of princes], and accounted among men most honourable, is fighting, or some great martial exploit, which can add nothing to a Christian's worth: since, sure it is, it were desirable there were no fightings among Christians at all, and insofar as there are, it shows they are not right Christians. And Jas tells us that all fighting proceeds from the lusts [Jas 4:1], so it were fitter for Christians by the sword of God's spirit [Eph 6:17] to fight against their lusts, than by the prevalency of their lusts to destroy one another.

JWJM 85 (Epistle from "some Friends" to Friends in Pennsylvania, 1755): And being painfully apprehensive that the large sum granted by the late Act of Assembly for the king's use is principally intended for purposes inconsistent with our peaceable testimony, we therefore think that as we cannot be concerned in wars and fightings [Jas 4:1], so neither ought we to contribute thereto by paying the tax directed by said Act, though suffering be the consequence of our refusal, which we hope to be enabled to bear with patience.

WTG 290 (AM): this was cause of sorrow of heart, to think that ever any that had been acquainted with the peaceful government of Jesus Christ [Isa 9:7], should join with wars and fightings [Jas 4:1], bloodshed and revenge.


(Jas 4:3)

[Other texts citing Jas 4:3: GF7:141 (under Jas 1:6), JN1:67 (Mat 23:32), JN1:228f (John 14:13f), IP4:73 (Luk 8:18), HPS 132 (Mat 25:42f)]

GF7:253 (1664): And all Friends, keep out of all the vain fashions of the world, and over that unchaste spirit that invents new fashions daily, both in apparel and diet. Therefore keep chaste in the power of God over them all, that your lives and conversations may judge them in such things, who devour those things upon their lusts [Jas 4:3], which God hath given to the service of man.

IP3:483 (1671): in the time of trouble and great darkness, may not a man easily desire amiss, and pray amiss [Jas 4:3], if he have not his Guide? A little praying from God's spirit [Rom 8:26], and in that which is true and pure, is better than thousands of vehement desires in one's own will, and after the flesh.

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4:4 Ye adulterers and adulteresses [T: advouterers and women that break matrimony], know ye not that the friendship[G: amity] of the world is enmity with God? whosoever therefore will be a friend of the world is [G: maketh himself; BT: is made] the enemy of God.     qtext

[cf 1 Jn 2:15]

4:5 Do ye think that the scripture saith in vain, The spirit that dwelleth in us [T: you] lusteth to [GB: after; T: even contrary to] envy?     qtext

4:6 But he giveth [GB: the scripture offereth] more grace. [T: rest of verse omitted] Wherefore he saith, God resisteth the proud, but giveth grace unto the humble [B: lowly].

[cf Prov 3:34 LXX, 1 Pet 5:5]

4:7 Submit yourselves therefore to God. Resist the devil, and he will flee [T: fly] from you.     qtext

4:8 Draw nigh [G: near (2x)] to God, and he will draw nigh to you. Cleanse your hands, ye sinners; and purify [GT: purge] your hearts, ye double [T: wavering] minded.     qtext

4:9 Be afflicted [GBT: Suffer afflictions] , and mourn [GT: sorrow ye], and weep: let your laughter be turned to mourning, and your joy to heaviness.     qtext

[Jas 4:9, cf Lam 5:15]

4:10 Humble yourselves in the sight of [GT: Cast down yourselves before] the Lord, and he shall [G: will] lift you up.

(Jas 4:4) GF4: 203; GF7: 17 [2], 57 [45], 73 [58]; GF8: 162 [356], 256 [397], 298 [409]; GFEJ 38; JN1: 52, 135, 169, 193, 237; JN3: 86, 102, 752; IP2: 183; EQ 115 (JN), 133, 556; WPR 597; JWJM 92, 210; WTG 230 (EH); DFR 99

(Jas 4:4f) GF5: 120

(Jas 4:5) GF7: 130 [132], 145 [154], 254 [233], 269 [240]

(Jas 4:6) GF8: 259 [397]; GFEJ 436; WPR 638

(Jas 4:7) GF8: 134 [342]; JN2: 106; IP4: 362; EQ 548; HPS 357 (EB)

(Jas 4:8) MFU 166

(Jas 4:9) MFU 306; JN1: 66, 485, 519; WPR 121

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(Jas 4:4)

[Other texts citing Jas 4:4: GF7:17 (John 1:10), GF8:256 (under 1 Jn 2:15)]

GF7:73 (1654): Do not make profession to be seen outwardly, for Christ was condemned by the world, and the formal professors, and all his followers are as wonders to the world. Therefore marvel not if the world hate you [1 Jn 3:13], but rejoice. Look not back [Luke 9:62], but keep forward, knowing that the world is enmity with God [Jas 4:4].

JN1:237 (1653): God in all ages hath known his by their obedience, but thou sayst thou must live in disobedience or else thou canst not live in the world, and yet thou would be accounted one of his too. But where is thy mark by which thou art known from the world? [Rev 7:3] Those which are God's are marked and known from the world, and therefore hated of the world [John 15:19]; but thou art in friendship with the world, and whoever is a friend of the world is an enemy of God [Jas 4:4].

IP2:183 (1661): It is a happy thing in the eye of man to be at unity with the world, to have the love and friendship thereof [Jas 4:4], to have all men speak well of one [Luk 6:26], to be found doing that which is pleasing in the eye of the world, and to be enjoying the pleasures and profits thereof; but in the eye of God it is happy to be in a unity with that which is contrary to the world, and procureth its ill-will. [quotes 1 Jn 2:15]

JWJM 210 (1762): He who professeth to believe in one Almighty Creator and in his son Jesus Christ, and is yet more intent on the honours, profits, and friendships of the world [Jas 4:4] than he is in singleness of heart [Eph 6:6] to stand faithful to the Christian religion, is in the channel of idolatry...

DFR 99 (1768): The friendship of the world, which the Apostle says, is enmity with God [Jas 4:4], has got too much place in many minds, and living at ease, in the gratification of the sensual appetites, takes up the attention, more than the maintaining our Testimony, and promoting the honour of God.


(Jas 4:5)

GF7:130 (1656): ... the spirit of man lusteth to envy [Jas 4:5], if it be not subdued by the spirit of the living God [2 Cor 3:3]. Therefore wait and take heed, lest any nakedness appear [Rev 3:18], and that which is not justified in the sight of God.


(Jas 4:7)

[Other texts citing Jas 4:7: HPS 357 (under Heb 2:10)]

JN2:106 (1655): Whether everyone that hath received Christ hath received power [John 1:12] to resist the devil [Jas 4:7] and to do the wills of God in his measure, and if such commit sin, whether it be want of power, or denying the power [2 Tim 3:5], seeing the greater is in us than in the world [1 Jn 4:4]?


(Jas 4:8)

MFU 166 (1655): Sin is conceived in the heart. If your eye were single, your whole body would be full of light [Mat 6:22]. It is not the outward tabernacle that causeth sin: If the filth & corruption were cleaned out that would be a temple for God. Therefore doth the Apostle say, cleanse your hands, ye sinners, & purify your hearts, ye double minded [Jas 4:8]....


(Jas 4:9)

MFU 306 (to Jas, Duke of York, 1660): Consider in time: God hath tried you, and you have had a small time in this nation which you have spent in wildness, in wantonness, in vanity. Sporting yourselves in the daytime [2 Pet 2:13]: and now your joy is turned into mourning [Lam 5:15, Jas 4:9]....

JN1:66 (1653): God is against you, you scorners, who take delight in scorning your brethren, you show your folly to all, and whose children you are, you that sit in the seat of the scornful [Psa 1:1]; God doth scorn you, he who sits in heaven laughs you to scorn [Psa 2:4].... The Lord will laugh at your calamity and mock when your fear cometh [Prov 1:26]; your laughter shall be turned into mourning [Jas 4:9]; woe to them that now laugh, for they shall mourn [Luk 6:25].

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4:11 Speak not evil one of another [BT: Backbite not one another], brethren. He that speaketh evil of [BT: backbiteth (2x)] his brother, and judgeth [G: or he that condemneth] his brother, speaketh evil of the law, and judgeth [G: condemneth] the law: but if thou judge [G: condemnest] the law, thou art not a doer [GBT: an observer] of the law, but a judge.     qtext

4:12 There is one lawgiver, who is able to save and to destroy: who art thou that judgest another [GT: +man]?     qtext

4:13 Go to now, ye that say, To day or to morrow we will [BT: let us] go into such a city, and continue there a year, and buy and sell, and get gain [BT: win]:     qtext

4:14 Whereas ye know not [GBT: And yet (G: +ye) cannot tell] what shall be [BT: happen] on the morrow [GT: tomorrow]. For what [BT: +thing] is your life? It is even a vapour, that appeareth for a little time, and then [G: afterward] vanisheth away.

4:15 For that ye ought to say, If the Lord will, we shall live and [GBT: and if we live, we will (BT: let us)] do this, or that.

4:16 But now ye rejoice in your boastings: all such rejoicing is evil.

4:17 Therefore to him that knoweth to do good [G: well], and doeth it not, to him it is sin.

(Jas 4:11) GF5: 323; GF6: 345f; GF7: 109 [109]

(Jas 4:12) GF3: 98; JN3: 235, 248; IP2: 54; HPS 409 (EB); WPR 48

(Jas 4:13-15) GF8: 220 [380]; HPS 480

(Jas 4:14) MFU 339

(Jas 4:16) JN1: 483

(Jas 4:17) GF6: 173; GF8: 117 [321]; GFEJ 340

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(Jas 4:11)

GF7:109 (1655): Do not judge one another [Rom 14:13] behind one another's backs, nor speak evil one of another [Jas 4:11], for that is that which soweth the enmity among brethren.


(Jas 4:12)

[Other texts citing Jas 4:12: GF3:98 (Rom 2:1)]

HPS 409 (Elizabeth Bathurst, 1679): ...as many as yield to [the Light of Jesus in the conscience], it is sufficient, not only to condemn and destroy, but also to justify and save; being a measure of the living omnipotent power of that one Law-giver, who is able to save, as well as to destroy; see Jas 4:12.


(Jas 4:13-15)

GF8:220 (1682): Jas was careful, that the saints in their very outward dealings were to be just, and reproved such for saying, "To-day or to-morrow we will go into such a city, and continue there a year, and buy, and sell, and get gain: whereas they did not know what should be on the morrow. But they ought to say, if the Lord will, we shall live, and do this or that [Jas 4:13-15]." Therefore you may see how careful the apostle was, to keep all true christians in the fear of the Lord, and in the sense of his will.

HPS 480 (Geertruyd Deriks Niesen, 1677): But such [Tradesmen] do like this world, first seek the kingdom of this world under a profession of Truth: But if the Kingdom of Heaven were first sought [Mat 6:33], as it ought to be, then every one would sink down in the fear of God, to feel him leading them and ordering their trading and merchandise in subjection to his will [quotes Jas 4:13-15].


(Jas 4:14)

MFU 339 (1661): Let faith, hope, & charity, which remains [1 Cor 13:13] be your crown.... This will preserve you indeed ... and will sanctify your hearts, & purify your minds, so that you will not value nor care, what man can do unto you [Psa 56:11], who is but a vapour [Jas 4:14], but the everlasting kingdom, the everlasting inheritance, which is not of this world [John 18:36], you will come to receive....

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5:1 Go to now, ye rich men, weep and howl for your miseries [BT: on your wretchedness] that shall come upon you.     qtext

[Jas 5:1, cf Joel 1:13]

5:2 Your riches are corrupted [GBT: corrupt], and your garments are motheaten.     qtext

5:3 Your gold and silver is [T: are] cankered; and the rust of them shall be a witness against you, and shall eat your flesh as it were fire. Ye have heaped treasure together [G: up treasure] for the [BT: in your] last days.     qtext

5:4 Behold, the hire of the labourers who have reaped down your fields, which [B: +hire] is of you kept back by fraud, crieth: and the cries of them which have reaped are entered into the ears of the Lord of sabaoth [G: of hosts].     qtext

5:5 Ye have lived in pleasure on the earth, and been wanton [GT: in wantonness]; ye have nourished your hearts, as in a day of slaughter.     qtext

5:6 Ye have condemned and killed the just; and he doth not resist [GBT: hath not resisted] you.     qtext

[resist: cf Mat 5:39]

(Jas 5:1-3) GF4:22; JN1: 180, 226; EQ 97 (WD)

(Jas 5:1) GF3: 7 (EB); GF5: 5

(Jas 5:2) GF4: 46

(Jas 5:2f) GF7: 214 [214]

(Jas 5:3-5) JN1: 142

(Jas 5:3f) JN1: 67

(Jas 5:4) MFU 237; JN1: 144, 313; WDS 139; IP1: 14; WPR 386; JWJM 93

(Jas 5:5) GF3: 219; GF5: 5; JN1: 180; JN3: 75; WPR 78

(Jas 5:5f) GF5: 120, 276; MFS 91; JN3: 111, 119; WPR 65

(Jas 5:6) GF2: 206; GF3: 541; GF4: 143; GF7: 303 [251]; GF8: 198 [369]; GFT 41; MFU 160, 161; JN1: 86; JN3: 71; RBA 167; RBAF 124; HSM*

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(Jas 5:1)

GF3:7 (Edward Burrough, 1659): Hear this, ye priests, and howl, and lament for the misery that is coming among you! [Jas 5:1/Joel 1:13] The Lord hath laid you naked, and made you bare [Ezek 23:29], and you are seen as you are, and the elect is risen amongst us which ye cannot deceive [Mat 24:24].


(Jas 5:2f)

GF7:214 (1661): And thus many of them are darkened with a cankered, rusty spirit, which will corrupt them [Jas 5:2f], and hath destroyed many.


(Jas 5:3-5)

JN1:142 (1653): You are fitted for destruction [Rom 9:22]; your day is coming, the cry of your iniquity is gone up before the Lord; the cries of the poor which you have oppressed, whose labors you have spent on your lusts, the rust of your gold and silver doth witness against you [Jas 5:3-5].


(Jas 5:3f)

JN1:67: [Jas 5:3f, see under Mat 23:32]


(Jas 5:4)

WPR 386 (1673): These faithful cries entered the ears of the God of peace [Jas 5:4], whose compassions fail not [Lam 3:22], that with an high hand and an out-stretched arm he rent through the meeting, that both sorts were greatly broken, and humbled before the Lord.

JWJM 93 (17–): Many slaves on this continent are oppressed, and their cries have reached the ears of the Most High [Jas 5:4]!


(Jas 5:5)

GF3:219: [Jas 5:5, see under Mat 20:1- 14]


(Jas 5:5f)

GF5:276 (1677): ... you do hate his light [John 3:20], and quench his spirit [1 Th 5:19], and resist it [Acts 7:51], and turn his grace into wantonness [Jude 1:4GBT], and not obey his gospel but persecute the free messengers of it, and so do not the thing which God and Christ commands; but live in pleasure and wantonness [Jas 5:5], and despise the poor [Jas 2:6], and persecute the just [Jas 5:6]; how can you expect any other end, but this rich man's in hell? [Luke 16:19-25]


(Jas 5:6)

[Other texts citing Jas 5:6: GF2:206 (under Mat 2:16), MFU 160 (Rom 2:12), MFU 161 (Mat 23:27), HSM* (Mat 23:27)]

RBA 167 (V/VI.28, 1678): ...God hath raised up unto himself, in this our age, faithful witnesses and evangelists to preach again his everlasting gospel [Rev 14:6], ... that ... all may come to mind the light in them, and know Christ in them, "the Just One ... whom they have so long killed and made merry over, and he hath not resisted " [Jas 5:6]....

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5:7 Be patient therefore, brethren, unto the coming of the Lord. Behold, the husbandman waiteth for the precious fruit of the earth, and hath long patience for it, until he receive the early [G: former] and [GBT: +the] latter rain.     qtext

5:8 Be ye also patient [GBT: +therefore, and]; stablish [GBT: settle] your hearts: for the coming of the Lord draweth nigh [G: near].

5:9 Grudge not one against another, brethren, lest ye be condemned [BT: damned]: behold, the judge standeth before the door.     qtext

5:10 Take, my brethren, the prophets, who have spoken [BT: which spake] in the name of the Lord, for an example of suffering affliction [GBT: adversity], and of [GT: +long] patience.

5:11 Behold, we count them happy [GBT: blessed] which endure. Ye have heard of the patience of Job, and have seen the end of the Lord [GBT: known what end the Lord made]; that [GBT: for] the Lord is very pitiful, and of tender mercy [GBT: merciful].

5:12 But above all things, my brethren, swear not, neither by heaven, neither [G: nor (2x)] by earth, neither by any other oath [T: Omits]: but let your yea be yea; and your nay, nay; lest ye fall into condemnation [T: hypocrisy].     qtext

[cf Mat 5:34,37]

(Jas 5:7) GFJN 284, 331; GF7: 179 [189]; IP1: 86; SBD 28

(Jas 5:7f) GF4: 121

(Jas 5:8) DGA 158

(Jas 5:9) GF5: 323, 325; MFU 210

(Jas 5:10) JN3: 725 (RR); WPR 63

(Jas 5:12) GFJN 182, 245; GF3: 278, 299, 300, 386f, 560; GF4: 160, 181, 210, 264, 268; GF5: 120, 155, 166, 167, 171; GF6: 50, 103, 268, 272; DGA 46; MFS 50; MFU 153; JN1: 65, 284; JN2: 583; RBA 455, 457; RBAF 412; EQ 344 (BC), 406; IP1: 283; HPS 176; WPR 299, 625; WPT 76, 334

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(Jas 5:7)

[Other texts citing Jas 5:7: GF7:179 (Rom 2:14)]

IP1: 86 (1658): The husbandman does not presently reap, but waits long, even till the seed be grown up to maturity [Jas 5:7]. Jacob, the type of the seed, said, "O Lord, I have waited for thy salvation." [Gen 49:18]

SBD 28: [on hearing the infant minister] as it is not proper to lay sudden hands on anyone [1 Tim 5:22] to set them up, so neither be thee rash to pull them down, but give time for proof, and consider the patience of the husbandman, how he waits for a crop after the seed is sown [Jas 5:7].


(Jas 5:9)

[Other texts citing Jas 5:9: MFU 210f (under Mat 25:25)]

GF5:325 (1676): For does not James tell you, "that the judge stands at the door" [Jas 5:9]? What door is this? Is it not the door of your hearts, minds, and souls?


(Jas 5:12)

[Jas 5:12 text against oaths, usually quoted in tandem with Mat 5:34,37]

[Other texts citing Jas 5:12: GF3:300 (under Mat 23:16-22), GF5:167 (Jas 2:12)]

JN1:284 (1654): Saith Christ, in the old time it was said, thou shalt not forswear, for in the old covenant swearing in truth was an ordinance of God, but I say, swear not at all; for what is more than yea and nay cometh of evil. [Mat 33f,37] And the apostle, who was come into the new covenant and did witness the oath of God fulfilled [Heb 6:13], said, above all things, my brethren, swear not any oath whatsoever, lest ye fall into temptation. [Jas 5:12]

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5:13 Is any among you afflicted? [T: If any of you be evil vexed] let him pray. Is any [T: If any of you be] merry? let him sing psalms [G: omits].

5:14 Is any sick [G: Is any diseased; T: if any be defeated] among you? let him call for the elders of the church [T: congregation]; and let them pray over [GB: for] him, anointing [GBT: and anoint] him with oil in the name of the Lord:     qtext

5:15 And the prayer of faith shall save the sick, and the Lord shall raise him up; and if he have committed sins, they shall be forgiven him.

5:16 Confess [G: Acknowledge; BT: knowledge] your faults one to another, and pray one for another, that ye may be healed. The effectual fervent [GT: For the; B: For the fervent] prayer of a righteous man availeth much [GT: +if it be fervent].     qtext

5:17 Elias was a man subject to like passions [B: under infirmities even; T: mortal even] as we are, and he prayed earnestly [BT: in his prayer] that it might not rain: and it rained not on the earth by the space of [G: for] three years and six months.

[Jas 5:17f: 1 Ki 17:1, 1 Ki 18:41-45; cf Luke 4:25]

5:18 And he prayed again, and the heaven gave rain, and the earth brought forth her fruit.

5:19 Brethren, if any of you do err [G: hath erred; T: err] from the truth, and one [G: some man; BT: another] convert [G: hath converted] him;     qtext

[cf John 8:44]

5:20 Let him [BT: the same] know, that he which converteth [G: hath converted; T: converted] the sinner from the error of [GBT: going astray out of] his way shall save a soul from death, and shall hide a [BT: the] multitude of sins.     qtext

(Jas 5:14) RBA 374, 402; RBAF 11(327), 356; HPS 368 (EB)

(Jas 5:16) IP3: 309

(Jas 5:19) GF7: 167 [176]; GF8: 274 [398]; IP1: 166; IP3: 16, 118 [cf John 8:44]

(Jas 5:20) GF3: 350, 396; JN3: 76f; WDS 304

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(Jas 5:14)

[Other texts citing Jas 5:14: RBA 373f (John 6:32- 35)]

HPS 368 (Elizabeth Bathurst, 1679; RBA 373f similar): [To observe outward communion] merely by imitation or tradition, as most do, ... cannot be the Communion of the body and blood of Christ, which the apostle speaks of [1 Cor 10:15f]. This can be but a sign, to put is in remembrance thereof; and therefore, though it was commanded to, and practiced by the church of Corinth, yet that doth not perpetuate its continuance: for so was washing one another's feet [John 13:14], abstaining from things strangled, and blood [Acts 15:28f], and anointing the sick with oil [Jas 5:14], laid upon the saints of old, which ye yourselves judge not needful to be practiced now.


(Jas 5:16)

IP3:309 (1674): ... the gospel prayer is the prayer of that birth which is begotten by the Spirit and power of the gospel.... And through this Spirit it prays to God, and prevails with him on the behalf of others also. For the prayers of the righteous avail much, as it is written [Jas 5:16].


(Jas 5:19)

GF and others: erred (gone out) from the truth [Jas 5:19]

[Other texts citing Jas 5:19: IP3:118 (under 2 Pet 1:20)]


(Jas 5:20)

GF3:350 (1659): P. And they say, "No man can redeem the soul of his brother." [Psa 49:7] A. Solomon saith, "The fruits of the righteous is a tree of life; and he that wins souls is wise." [Prov 11:30] And "he that saves a man from his evil ways, saves a soul from a multitude of sins." [Jas 5:20] Again thou sayest, "No man, the greatest of men, can redeem the soul of his brother." [Psa 49:7] Ye should not have left out Christ the saviour, the redeemer, the man Christ Jesus, the elder brother; so you are a company of blind pastors, contrary to them that gave forth the scriptures.

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This page last revised Sept 2007